This small volume aims to collect the most important literary, epigraphic and iconographic sources referring to ancient Adulis in one place. The descriptions of those persons who, for various reasons, visited the place or reported on it in Antiquity, together with the accounts of the excavations in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, are the necessary premise, which launched the new season of excavations and research inaugurated in 2011 thanks to an Eritrean-Italian scientific cooperation project.